ich werde in loser Reiherfolge einiges von meinen Erfahrungen mit Linux hier iniederschreiben. Und der erste Beitrag handelt darum, wie ich unter Gentoo zwei psysikalische Nettzwerkkarten zu einer logischen zusammenfasse, um damit den Durchsatz zu erhöhen. Dieses nennt man Bonding Nicht vergessen, das die Gegenstelle das auch unterstützen sollte. Viele managed Switche unterstützen das.
Die Beispielkonfiguration, an der ich das erkläre ist ein PC mit Tycon mit zwei Onboard-Gigabit-Schnittstellen und einer dritten Netzwerkkarte für das DSL-Modem. Als Bound laufen die eingebauten Netzwerkkarten , die durch das Kernelmodul tg3 atkiviert sind und die Name eth0 und eth1 haben. Die dritte Karte ist eth2.
Damit das Bonding auch klappt, muss das in der Kernelkonfiigurationdatei .config folgendes unter Network testing folgendes stehen "CONFIG_BONDING=m stehen,. Ich empfehle, das bonding als Modul zu verwenden, da es vor den Netzwerkkarten gelanden wender muss, wobei die später im Bondverbund laufenen dann danach geladen werden sollten.
Wenn ihr make menuconfig verwendet, dann sollte folgendes aktiviert, bzw als Modul erstellt werden:
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Device Drivers ---> Networking support ---> Networking options ---> QoS and/or fair queueing --->
[*] QoS and/or fair queueing
Device Drivers ---> Networking support --->
<M> Bonding driver support
<M> EQL (serial line load balancing) support
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#!/bin/bash
cd /usr/src/linux/Documentation/networking
gcc -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -O -I/usr/src/linux/include ifenslave.c -o ifenslave
mv ifenslave /sbin/ifenslave
Dann fügt man die Datei bond0 in das Verzeichnis /etc/modules.d bei:
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### bonding module alias
alias bond0 bondingDann werden noch folgende Zeilen in die entsprechende kernel-2.x Datei eingefügt:
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bonding
tg3
8139tooDann werden noch ein paar motifizierte gentoo-Dateien verwendet. In der Datei /etc/conf.d/net habe ich folgende Ergänzung gemacht:
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iface_bond0="192.168.30.1 broadcast 192.168.30.255 netmask 255.255.255.0"
# added for the slaves iface by Klaus Henske
slaves_bond0="eth0 eth1"
iface_eth2="up"Code: Select all
#!/sbin/runscript
# Copyright 1999-2004 Gentoo Technologies, Inc.
# Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License v2
# $Header: /home/cvsroot/gentoo-src/rc-scripts/init.d/net.eth0,v 1.41 2004/05/10 14:16:35 agriffis Exp $
#NB: Config is in /etc/conf.d/net
if [[ -n $NET_DEBUG ]]; then
set -x
devnull=/dev/stderr
else
devnull=/dev/null
fi
# For pcmcia users. note that pcmcia must be added to the same
# runlevel as the net.* script that needs it.
depend() {
use hotplug pcmcia
}
checkconfig() {
if [[ -z "${ifconfig_IFACE}" ]]; then
eerror "Please make sure that /etc/conf.d/net has \$ifconfig_$IFACE set"
eerror "(or \$iface_$IFACE for old-style configuration)"
return 1
fi
if [[ -n "${vlans_IFACE}" && ! -x /sbin/vconfig ]]; then
eerror "For VLAN (802.1q) support, emerge net-misc/vconfig"
return 1
fi
}
# Fix bug 50039 (init.d/net.eth0 localization)
# Some other commands in this script might need to be wrapped, but
# we'll get them one-by-one. Note that LC_ALL trumps LC_anything_else
# according to locale(7)
ifconfig() {
LC_ALL=C /sbin/ifconfig "$@"
}
# setup_vars: setup variables based on $1 and content of /etc/conf.d/net
# The following variables are set, which should be declared local by
# the calling routine.
# status_IFACE (up or '')
# vlans_IFACE (space-separated list)
# ifconfig_IFACE (array of ifconfig lines, replaces iface_IFACE)
# dhcpcd_IFACE (command-line args for dhcpcd)
# routes_IFACE (array of route lines)
# inet6_IFACE (array of inet6 lines)
# ifconfig_fallback_IFACE (fallback ifconfig if dhcp fails)
# slaves_IFACE (slaves of bonding interface added by Klaus Henske)
setup_vars() {
local i iface="${1//\./_}"
status_IFACE="$(ifconfig ${1} 2>${devnull} | gawk '$1 == "UP" {print "up"}')"
eval vlans_IFACE=\"\$\{iface_${iface}_vlans\}\"
eval ifconfig_IFACE=( \"\$\{ifconfig_$iface\[@\]\}\" )
eval dhcpcd_IFACE=\"\$\{dhcpcd_$iface\}\"
eval routes_IFACE=( \"\$\{routes_$iface\[@\]\}\" )
eval slaves_IFACE=( \"\$\{slaves_$iface\[@\]\}\" )
eval inet6_IFACE=( \"\$\{inet6_$iface\[@\]\}\" )
eval ifconfig_fallback_IFACE=( \"\$\{ifconfig_fallback_$iface\[@\]\}\" )
# BACKWARD COMPATIBILITY: populate the ifconfig_IFACE array
# if iface_IFACE is set (fex. iface_eth0 instead of ifconfig_eth0)
eval local iface_IFACE=\"\$\{iface_$iface\}\"
if [[ -n ${iface_IFACE} && -z ${ifconfig_IFACE} ]]; then
# Make sure these get evaluated as arrays
local -a aliases broadcasts netmasks
# Start with the primary interface
ifconfig_IFACE=( "${iface_IFACE}" )
# ..then add aliases
eval aliases=( \$\{alias_$iface\} )
eval broadcasts=( \$\{broadcast_$iface\} )
eval netmasks=( \$\{netmask_$iface\} )
for ((i = 0; i < ${#aliases[@]}; i = i + 1)); do
ifconfig_IFACE[i+1]="${aliases[i]} ${broadcasts[i]:+broadcast ${broadcasts[i]}} ${netmasks[i]:+netmask ${netmasks[i]}}"
done
fi
# BACKWARD COMPATIBILITY: check for space-separated inet6 addresses
if [[ ${#inet6_IFACE[@]} == 1 && ${inet6_IFACE} == *' '* ]]; then
inet6_IFACE=( ${inet6_IFACE} )
fi
}
iface_start() {
local IFACE=${1} i x retval
checkconfig || return 1
if [[ ${ifconfig_IFACE} != dhcp ]]; then
# Show the address, but catch if this interface will be inet6 only
i=${ifconfig_IFACE%% *}
if [[ ${i} == *.*.*.* ]]; then
ebegin "Bringing ${IFACE} up (${i})"
else
ebegin "Bringing ${IFACE} up"
fi
# ifconfig does not always return failure ..
ifconfig ${IFACE} ${ifconfig_IFACE} >${devnull} && \
ifconfig ${IFACE} up &>${devnull}
## added for bond support by Klaus Henske
if [[ -n ${slaves_IFACE} ]]; then
/sbin/ifenslave ${IFACE} ${slaves_IFACE} &>${devnull}
fi
##
eend $? || return $?
else
# Check that eth0 was not brought up by the kernel ...
if [[ ${status_IFACE} == up ]]; then
einfo "Keeping kernel configuration for ${IFACE}"
else
ebegin "Bringing ${IFACE} up via DHCP"
/sbin/dhcpcd ${dhcpcd_IFACE} ${IFACE}
retval=$?
eend $retval
if [[ $retval == 0 ]]; then
# DHCP succeeded, show address retrieved
i=$(ifconfig ${IFACE} | grep -m1 -o 'inet addr:[^ ]*' |
cut -d: -f2)
[[ -n ${i} ]] && einfo " ${IFACE} received address ${i}"
elif [[ -n "${ifconfig_fallback_IFACE}" ]]; then
# DHCP failed, try fallback.
# Show the address, but catch if this interface will be inet6 only
i=${ifconfig_fallback_IFACE%% *}
if [[ ${i} == *.*.*.* ]]; then
ebegin "Using fallback configuration (${i}) for ${IFACE}"
else
ebegin "Using fallback configuration for ${IFACE}"
fi
ifconfig ${IFACE} ${ifconfig_fallback_IFACE} >${devnull} && \
ifconfig ${IFACE} up &>${devnull}
eend $? || return $?
else
return $retval
fi
fi
fi
if [[ ${#ifconfig_IFACE[@]} -gt 1 ]]; then
einfo " Adding aliases"
for ((i = 1; i < ${#ifconfig_IFACE[@]}; i = i + 1)); do
ebegin " ${IFACE}:${i} (${ifconfig_IFACE[i]%% *})"
ifconfig ${IFACE}:${i} ${ifconfig_IFACE[i]}
eend $?
done
fi
if [[ -n ${inet6_IFACE} ]]; then
einfo " Adding inet6 addresses"
for ((i = 0; i < ${#inet6_IFACE[@]}; i = i + 1)); do
ebegin " ${IFACE} inet6 add ${inet6_IFACE[i]}"
ifconfig ${IFACE} inet6 add ${inet6_IFACE[i]} >${devnull}
eend $?
done
fi
# Set static routes
if [[ -n ${routes_IFACE} ]]; then
einfo " Adding routes"
for ((i = 0; i < ${#routes_IFACE[@]}; i = i + 1)); do
ebegin " ${routes_IFACE[i]}"
/sbin/route add ${routes_IFACE[i]}
eend $?
done
fi
# Set default route if applicable to this interface
if [[ ${gateway} == ${IFACE}/* ]]; then
local ogw=$(/bin/netstat -rn | awk '$1 == "0.0.0.0" {print $2}')
local gw=${gateway#*/}
if [[ ${ogw} != ${gw} ]]; then
ebegin " Setting default gateway ($gw)"
# First delete any existing route if it was setup by kernel...
/sbin/route del default dev ${IFACE} &>${devnull}
# Second delete old gateway if it was set...
/sbin/route del default gw ${ogw} &>${devnull}
# Third add our new default gateway
/sbin/route add default gw ${gw} >${devnull}
eend $? || {
true # need to have some command in here
# Note: This originally called stop, which is obviously
# wrong since it's calling with a local version of IFACE.
# The below code works correctly to abort configuration of
# the interface, but is commented because we're assuming
# that default route failure should not cause the interface
# to be unconfigured.
#local error=$?
#ewarn "Aborting configuration of ${IFACE}"
#iface_stop ${IFACE}
#return ${error}
}
fi
fi
# Enabling rp_filter causes wacky packets to be auto-dropped by
# the kernel. Note that we only do this if it is not set via
# /etc/sysctl.conf ...
if [[ -e /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/${IFACE}/rp_filter && \
-z "$(grep -s '^[^#]*rp_filter' /etc/sysctl.conf)" ]]; then
echo -n 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/${IFACE}/rp_filter
fi
}
# iface_stop: bring down an interface. Don't trust information in
# /etc/conf.d/net since the configuration might have changed since
# iface_start ran. Instead query for current configuration and bring
# down the interface.
iface_stop() {
local IFACE=${1} i x aliases inet6 count
# Try to do a simple down (no aliases, no inet6, no dhcp)
aliases="$(ifconfig | grep -o "^$IFACE:[0-9]*" | tac)"
inet6="$(ifconfig ${IFACE} | awk '$1 == "inet6" {print $2}')"
if [[ -z ${aliases} && -z ${inet6} && ! -e /var/run/dhcpcd-${IFACE}.pid ]]; then
ebegin "Bringing ${IFACE} down"
ifconfig ${IFACE} down &>/dev/null
eend 0
return 0
fi
einfo "Bringing ${IFACE} down"
# Stop aliases before primary interface.
# Note this must be done in reverse order, since ifconfig eth0:1
# will remove eth0:2, etc. It might be sufficient to simply remove
# the base interface but we're being safe here.
for i in ${aliases} ${IFACE}; do
# Delete all the inet6 addresses for this interface
inet6="$(ifconfig ${i} | awk '$1 == "inet6" {print $3}')"
if [[ -n ${inet6} ]]; then
einfo " Removing inet6 addresses"
for x in ${inet6}; do
ebegin " ${IFACE} inet6 del ${x}"
ifconfig ${i} inet6 del ${x}
eend $?
done
fi
# Stop DHCP (should be N/A for aliases)
# Don't trust current configuration... investigate ourselves
if /sbin/dhcpcd -z ${i} &>${devnull}; then
ebegin " Releasing DHCP lease for ${IFACE}"
for ((count = 0; count < 9; count = count + 1)); do
/sbin/dhcpcd -z ${i} &>${devnull} || break
sleep 1
done
[[ ${count} -lt 9 ]]
eend $? "Timed out"
fi
ebegin " Stopping ${i}"
ifconfig ${i} down &>${devnull}
eend 0
done
return 0
}
start() {
# These variables are set by setup_vars
local status_IFACE vlans_IFACE dhcpcd_IFACE
local -a ifconfig_IFACE routes_IFACE inet6_IFACE
# Call user-defined preup function if it exists
if [[ $(type -t preup) == function ]]; then
einfo "Running preup function"
preup ${IFACE} || {
eerror "preup ${IFACE} failed"
return 1
}
fi
# Start the primary interface and aliases
setup_vars ${IFACE}
iface_start ${IFACE} || return 1
# Start vlans
local vlan
for vlan in ${vlans_IFACE}; do
/sbin/vconfig add ${IFACE} ${vlan} >${devnull}
setup_vars ${IFACE}.${vlan}
iface_start ${IFACE}.${vlan}
done
# Call user-defined postup function if it exists
if [[ $(type -t postup) == function ]]; then
einfo "Running postup function"
postup ${IFACE}
fi
}
stop() {
# Call user-defined predown function if it exists
if [[ $(type -t predown) == function ]]; then
einfo "Running predown function"
predown ${IFACE}
fi
# Don't depend on setup_vars since configuration might have changed.
# Investigate current configuration instead.
local vlan
for vlan in $(ifconfig | grep -o "^${IFACE}\.[^ ]*"); do
iface_stop ${vlan}
/sbin/vconfig rem ${vlan} >${devnull}
done
iface_stop ${IFACE} || return 1 # always succeeds, btw
# Call user-defined postdown function if it exists
if [[ $(type -t postdown) == function ]]; then
einfo "Running postdown function"
postdown ${IFACE}
fi
}
# vim:ts=4Durch dieses Vorgehen gewährleistet, das das Device bond0 von jeden Dienst korrekt angesprochen wird. Natürlich nicht vergessen, überall dort, wo Bezug darauf genommen wird, bond0 als Ethernetdevice anzugeben, wie zum Beispiel in der Datei /etc/conf.d/dhcp:
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IFACE="bond0"So das wärs für heute. Dann viel Spass beim Bonding
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