Kernel SCSI emulation for CD burning - the truth

[DArtagnan]

Hehe, mine is also working but as u can see I have the following WARNINGS

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cdrecord: Operation not permitted. WARNING: Cannot set RR-scheduler
cdrecord: Permission denied. WARNING: Cannot set priority using setpriority().
cdrecord: WARNING: This causes a high risk for buffer underruns.

in the following during the burn:

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liviu@starshooter burner $ cdrecord -v speed=2 dev=0,1,0 livecd-experimental-rc4-4-20-03.iso 
Cdrecord 2.01a14 (i686-pc-linux-gnu) Copyright (C) 1995-2003 Jörg Schilling
TOC Type: 1 = CD-ROM
scsidev: '0,1,0'
scsibus: 0 target: 1 lun: 0
Linux sg driver version: 3.1.24
Using libscg version 'schily-0.7'
atapi: 1
Device type    : Removable CD-ROM
Version        : 0
Response Format: 1
Vendor_info    : 'LG      '
Identifikation : 'CD-RW CED-8120B '
Revision       : '1.03'
Device seems to be: Generic mmc CD-RW.
Using generic SCSI-3/mmc   CD-R/CD-RW driver (mmc_cdr).
Driver flags   : MMC SWABAUDIO 
Supported modes: TAO PACKET SAO SAO/R96P SAO/R96R RAW/R16 RAW/R96P RAW/R96R
Drive buf size : 5185536 = 5064 KB
FIFO size      : 4194304 = 4096 KB
Track 01: data    55 MB        
Total size:       63 MB (06:19.97) = 28498 sectors
Lout start:       64 MB (06:21/73) = 28498 sectors
Current Secsize: 2048
ATIP info from disk:
  Indicated writing power: 6
  Is not unrestricted
  Is not erasable
  Disk sub type: Medium Type C, low Beta category (C-) (6)
  ATIP start of lead in:  -11231 (97:32/19)
  ATIP start of lead out: 359849 (79:59/74)
Disk type:    Short strategy type (Phthalocyanine or similar)
Manuf. index: 27
Manufacturer: Prodisc Technology Inc.
Blocks total: 359849 Blocks current: 359849 Blocks remaining: 331351
cdrecord: Operation not permitted. WARNING: Cannot set RR-scheduler
cdrecord: Permission denied. WARNING: Cannot set priority using setpriority().
cdrecord: WARNING: This causes a high risk for buffer underruns.
Starting to write CD/DVD at speed 4 in real TAO mode for single session.
Last chance to quit, starting real write    0 seconds. Operation starts.
Waiting for reader process to fill input buffer ... input buffer ready.
Performing OPC...
Starting new track at sector: 0
Track 01:   55 of   55 MB written (fifo 100%) [buf  99%]  -0.-x.
Track 01: Total bytes read/written: 58359808/58359808 (28496 sectors).
Writing  time:  102.339s
Average write speed   3.7x.
Min drive buffer fill was 99%
Fixating...
Fixating time:   61.362s
cdrecord: fifo had 920 puts and 920 gets.
cdrecord: fifo was 0 times empty and 794 times full, min fill was 90%.

Settings:
------------
starshooter root # cat /etc/modules.autoload

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nvidia
ide-scsi
sg
sr_mod

cat /etc/devfsd.conf

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...
...
...
# Uncomment this to let PAM manage devfs
#REGISTER        .*           CFUNCTION /lib/security/pam_console_apply_devfsd.so pam_console_apply_single $devpath

# Autoload the sg module if generic scsi driver compiled as module.
#LOOKUP          ^sg$      MODLOAD ACTION sg

# Give the cdrw group write permissions to /dev/sg0
# This is done to have non root user use the burner (scan the scsi bus)
REGISTER        ^scsi/host.*/bus.*/target.*/lun.*/generic    PERMISSIONS root.cdrw 660

# General note for the following auto creation of symlinks:
#
#    If you change the device that the symlink points to,
#    you should also remove the symlink before restarting
#    devfsd

# Create /dev/cdrom for the first cdrom drive
LOOKUP          ^cdrom$          CFUNCTION GLOBAL mksymlink cdroms/cdrom0 cdrom
REGISTER        ^cdroms/cdrom0$   CFUNCTION GLOBAL mksymlink $devname cdrom
UNREGISTER      ^cdroms/cdrom0$   CFUNCTION GLOBAL unlink cdrom

/boot/grub/grub.conf

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title=Gentoo1.4 System
root (hd0,0)
kernel (hd0,0)/boot/bzImage-linux-2.4.20-ck7 root=/dev/hda2 ide-scsi=/dev/hdd apci=off

[blueworm]

Also, don't run your burner using a 80-pin IDE cable, be sure to use a 40-pin one - AFAIK, no ATAPI device should use one of these "UDMA" cables which are often characterised by a blue connector on the mainboard side.

I firmly believe this to be untrue.
ATA66 cables (80pin cables with the colored ends) Will work perfectly
using the Cable Select settings, and often resolve device conflicts.
Give it a try change cable and set device jumpers to cable select. This also allows you you to sepate to optical devices to separate ide buses whilst still using ATA66/100 hardrives.

Kerframil I am havig problems with cdrw speed it records perfectly at x16 but cdrw is x40 and it used to work under Mandrake 9.0 untill one fine day it stopped working I have since moved on to Gentoo.
I have a detailed thread here http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic.php?t=53746
Thankyou in advance.

[MrChucho]

I followed this tutorial and got my burner working. But, I still had to add "ide-scsi=hdc" to my grub.conf. If I *don't* want to do this -- and let devfs handle everything, how/where do I indicate that my cd burner is "hdc"??

[DArtagnan]

I followed this tutorial and got my burner working. But, I still had to add "ide-scsi=hdc" to my grub.conf. If I *don't* want to do this -- and let devfs handle everything, how/where do I indicate that my cd burner is "hdc"??

Yes, how to do this?
Regards

[Jimbow]

I've recently had an annoying problem with my combo CDROM/DVD drive when playing DVD's. On most DVD's when I got to the last few minutes of the program, the DVD player would crash: mplayer, xine, and ogle.

I played around and emerged different libraries, all to no effect. Then reading the Ogle faq I noticed that they recommend using SCSI emulation to fix some strange bugs (I had converted from SCSI emulation to ide-cdrom about a month or two ago). So I recompiled my kernel removing ide-cdrom and including ide-scsi, etc and this fixed the problem.

[FastTurtle]

[qoute]As for the report above from perry saying that the kernel option was needed, well yes, things seem pretty inconsistent. I had that problem also on one machine, but not on the original machine (which worked exactly according to my original instructions above) so I guess you do have to have that in some situations. I can't put my finger on it but there must be some rationale behind it.[/qoute]

Could it have something to do with Via Chipsets:? I've got one and it has to be setup with the kernel option at boot, although I have 2 drives, the second is a plain cdrom and it's running in ide mode w/o prob. :

[FastTurtle]

[qoute]Perhaps devfs isn't too intelligent about determing whether a device is a CD or DVD. In fact, maybe it has no way to distinguish the difference. Have a look at devfsd.conf (the relevant section of which xamn has conveniently posted above, and look at the REGISTER lines and the "Change foo to suit your setup" comments. Maybe they need tweaking for your setup.[/quote]

It got me thinking because mine does the same thing. I suspect what causes it is the emulation mode itself. IDE is the prefered method for IDE devices and scsi is going to be the secondary mode. Due to this, when you build both into the kernel, that is why CDRecord can't locate an IDE burner, the IDE driver has it locked and defined as IDE, thus not allowing scsi emulation a chance to talk to the device.

[eeknay]

hi,

well first to say this guide is awesome, i finally got it working, BUT
while using k3b i have 7 writers now not bad huh?
well, unforunally i just need ONE. The other thing is that my reader is now not visible anylonger, since i got the writer working.

i'm using a notebook with a combo-driver CD/DVD/CD-RW
before using this guide this combo was working on /dev/hdc
my well discovered writer is now /dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target0/lunX, as i said before its there 7 times.

any ideas?

[glamdringlfo]

Hey, great guide. Thanks a lot.

I got it working after a while...the hardest part was figuring out that the modules had to be loaded in the right order, and then adding the appropriate flags to the kernel at boot.

Keep up the good work, guys. ; )

Skal!
Glamdringlfo

[lamaistres]

Thank you for the nice tutorial. I now have burning capabilities.

I use gtoaster to burn CD's and if I try and record as a normal user I get a cdrecord warning about possible buffer underuns. I fixed this by editing visudo and using the command "sudo gtoaster". Works great.

Thanks again.

[bryon]

Any pointers on what I should do if it is a external USB one. More specifically a HP 8210e that runs at 4x. One of the many things that I have to have enabled is the mass storage support right?

[Snakey]

Hello people, after reading this guide for SCSI emulation, I encountered a weird problem. 1st of all I'm a total newbie when it comes to linux and I couldn't understand this.
I setup my bootsplash (instructions here!: http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic.php?t=49036) and when it came to the part of adding the bootsplash screen to the other VT's, everything ran fine until I added the hdc=ide-scsi to the kernel line on my grub.conf. Does anyone have any idea what the problem is or if there's anywhere else I could add that hdc=ide-scsi so it wouldn't conflict with my VT bootsplash screens? Thank you!

[dorkus]

hi, im new and thought i would ask, in case this isnt the same problem.

i got gentoo on a dell inspiron 5100. everything works except the cd drive.
i installed using the drive, but in normal operation it doesnt let me access anything on the cd. i know it has something to do with scsi-ide stuff, but im kind of a newb with linux. any help is appreciated. sorry i cant provide more info, i don't have the computer here. the cd drive is a CD-RW/DVD drive.

[silux]

I followed the tutorial and I don't think I'm missing anything but when I did:

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cdrecord -scanbus

I get the following error:

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root@alb-24-195-61-82 mattolsen # cdrecord -scanbus
Cdrecord-Clone 2.01a18 (i686-pc-linux-gnu) Copyright (C) 1995-2003 J�rg Schilling
cdrecord: No such file or directory. Cannot open '/dev/pg*'. Cannot open SCSI driver.
cdrecord: For possible targets try 'cdrecord -scanbus'. Make sure you are root.
cdrecord: For possible transport specifiers try 'cdrecord dev=help'.

Any help would be appreciated.... also I was wondering if anyone had played with using cdrecord without setting them up as scsi and if this was possible yet.

[gwion]

I followed the tutorial and I don't think I'm missing anything but when I did:

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cdrecord -scanbus

I get the following error:

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root@alb-24-195-61-82 mattolsen # cdrecord -scanbus
Cdrecord-Clone 2.01a18 (i686-pc-linux-gnu) Copyright (C) 1995-2003 J�rg Schilling
cdrecord: No such file or directory. Cannot open '/dev/pg*'. Cannot open SCSI driver.
cdrecord: For possible targets try 'cdrecord -scanbus'. Make sure you are root.
cdrecord: For possible transport specifiers try 'cdrecord dev=help'.

Any help would be appreciated.... also I was wondering if anyone had played with using cdrecord without setting them up as scsi and if this was possible yet.

same for me, would be thankful for anyhelp (with another install 4 months ago on EXACTLY the same box it worked like a charm...)

thanks...

[Caffeine]

I followed the tutorial and I don't think I'm missing anything but when I did:

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cdrecord -scanbus

I get the following error:

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root@alb-24-195-61-82 mattolsen # cdrecord -scanbus
Cdrecord-Clone 2.01a18 (i686-pc-linux-gnu) Copyright (C) 1995-2003 J�rg Schilling
cdrecord: No such file or directory. Cannot open '/dev/pg*'. Cannot open SCSI driver.
cdrecord: For possible targets try 'cdrecord -scanbus'. Make sure you are root.
cdrecord: For possible transport specifiers try 'cdrecord dev=help'.

Any help would be appreciated.... also I was wondering if anyone had played with using cdrecord without setting them up as scsi and if this was possible yet.

Try the thread "ATAPI burning using XCDRoast? It's possible!"
http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic.php?t=32009

[cirrus]

This is for people who tried every configuration one can think of including the hints from this thread and all efforts were worth nothing....


TURN OFF APIC !!!!!!


In Grub.conf insert option "noapic"
lilo?!?


Sometimes it does magic!
On my system it did.

Karsten.

[ruckles]

Having done all this successfully and burning audio cds no problem, is there any way to actually play the cds (using the same device, the burner on hdc)? When I use xmms and try to find the disk, /mnt/cdrom comes up empty. However, if I put a data disk in, xmms finds it.
xmms plays mp3 files fine, I just can't get it to find my audio cds.
I have the cdplayer plug-in enabled and set to device:/mnt/cdrom and dir:/mnt/cdrom
I'm told I don't need to mount audio cds.
I've tried commenting out the line in...modules.d/cdr, no luck.
I've looked all over for a solution and I am totally, completely lost.
Thanks.

[guitou]

For AudioCD, you have to give the path of the device. Should be /dev/cdrom, or /dev/cdroms/cdrom[0|1], maybe also /dev/sr0 (as you enabled scsi emulation), or even /dev/ide?/host?/bus...
Only the last one is the real path of the device, then wether you give this one, wether you give one of the previous, assuming it is linked to the right device.

[ruckles]

Sorry, I meant to say device:/dev/cdrom.

[pamplemousse]

Hello,

On my computer, I have an IDE cdrom reader and a SCSI CDR writer. I use this post to try to use my IDE cdrom without SCSI emulator. But it didn't work for me. So I decided to go back to previous configuration, by modifying config files for another time. But now, my cdrom reader freezes when I want to mount a cdrom. And 1 or 2 min. after that, all my computer freezes. I get this from cdrecorder (after a long time scan):

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cdrecord dev=ATAPI -scanbus 
Cdrecord-Clone 2.01a25 (i686-pc-linux-gnu) Copyright (C) 1995-2004 Jörg Schilling
scsidev: 'ATAPI'
devname: 'ATAPI'
scsibus: -2 target: -2 lun: -2
Warning: Using ATA Packet interface.
Warning: The related libscg interface code is in pre alpha.
Warning: There may be fatal problems.
Using libscg version 'schily-0.8'.
scsibus0:
        0,0,0     0) 'MITSUMI ' 'CD-ROM FX320S !B' 'q01 ' Removable CD-ROM
        0,1,0     1) *
        0,2,0     2) *
        0,3,0     3) *
        0,4,0     4) *
        0,5,0     5) *
        0,6,0     6) *
        0,7,0     7) *
scsibus1:
        1,0,0   100) *
        1,1,0   101) 'YAMAHA  ' 'CDR400t         ' '1.0q' Removable CD-ROM
        1,2,0   102) *
        1,3,0   103) *
        1,4,0   104) *
        1,5,0   105) *
        1,6,0   106) *
        1,7,0   107) *

But scan in XCDRoast seems not to work and XCDroast freezes.
My SCSI CD burner works correctly, I can burn CD with no problems. I have tried with and without SCSI emul. support in kernel. No success. The link /dev/cdroms/cdrom0 points to ide/host0/bus1/target0/lun0/cd. What sort of thing should I verify?

Here my devfsd.conf:

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# Sample /etc/devfsd.conf configuration file.
# Richard Gooch  <rgooch@atnf.csiro.au>         3-JUL-2000
#
# The Gentoo Linux Team - http://www.gentoo.org/
#     - Many fixes, etc
#
# $Header: /home/cvsroot/gentoo-src/rc-scripts/etc/devfsd.conf,v 1.16 2003/05/18 21:51:34 azarah Exp $

# Enable full compatibility mode for old device names. You may comment these
# out if you don't use the old device names. Make sure you know what you're
# doing!
REGISTER        .*           MKOLDCOMPAT
UNREGISTER      .*           RMOLDCOMPAT

# You may comment out the above and uncomment the following if you've
# configured your system to use the original "new" devfs names or the really
# new names
#REGISTER       vc/.*        MKOLDCOMPAT
#UNREGISTER     vc/.*        RMOLDCOMPAT
#REGISTER       pty/.*       MKOLDCOMPAT
#UNREGISTER     pty/.*       RMOLDCOMPAT
#REGISTER       misc         MKOLDCOMPAT
#UNREGISTER     misc         RMOLDCOMPAT

# You may comment these out if you don't use the original "new" names
REGISTER        .*           MKNEWCOMPAT
UNREGISTER      .*           RMNEWCOMPAT

# Enable module autoloading. You may comment this out if you don't use
# autoloading
LOOKUP          .*           MODLOAD

# Uncomment the following if you want to set the group to "tty" for the
# pseudo-tty devices. This is necessary so that mesg(1) can later be used to
# enable/disable talk requests and wall(1) messages.
REGISTER        ^pty/s.*     PERMISSIONS -1.tty  0600
REGISTER        ^pts/.*      PERMISSIONS -1.tty  0600

# Uncomment this if you want permissions to be saved and restored
# NB: Do NOT change the following!
# Do not do this for pseudo-terminal devices
REGISTER        ^pt[sy]/.*   IGNORE
CHANGE          ^pt[sy]/.*   IGNORE
CREATE          ^pt[sy]/.*   IGNORE
DELETE          ^pt[sy]      IGNORE
REGISTER        ^log         IGNORE
CHANGE          ^log         IGNORE
CREATE          ^log         IGNORE
DELETE          ^log         IGNORE
REGISTER        .*           COPY    /lib/dev-state/$devname $devpath
CHANGE          .*           COPY    $devpath /lib/dev-state/$devname
CREATE          .*           COPY    $devpath /lib/dev-state/$devname
DELETE          .*           CFUNCTION GLOBAL unlink /lib/dev-state/$devname
RESTORE         /lib/dev-state

# You can force default like this :
# PERMISSIONS owner_and_group access_mode

# Video4Linux devices
REGISTER       v4l/.*       PERMISSIONS root.video 660

# ALSA/OSS stuff
# Comment/change these if you want to change the permissions on
# the audio devices
LOOKUP          snd          MODLOAD ACTION snd
LOOKUP          dsp          MODLOAD
LOOKUP          mixer        MODLOAD
LOOKUP          midi         MODLOAD
REGISTER        sound/.*     PERMISSIONS root.audio 660
REGISTER        snd/.*       PERMISSIONS root.audio 660


# Uncomment this to let PAM manage devfs
#REGISTER        .*           CFUNCTION /lib/security/pam_console_apply_devfsd.so pam_console_apply_single $devpath

# Autoload the sg module if generic scsi driver compiled as module.
#LOOKUP          ^sg$      MODLOAD ACTION sg

# Give the cdrw group write permissions to /dev/sg0
# This is done to have non root user use the burner (scan the scsi bus)
REGISTER        ^scsi/host.*/bus.*/target.*/lun.*/generic    PERMISSIONS root.cdrw 660

# General note for the following auto creation of symlinks:
#
#    If you change the device that the symlink points to,
#    you should also remove the symlink before restarting
#    devfsd

# Create /dev/cdrom for the first cdrom drive
LOOKUP          ^cdrom$          CFUNCTION GLOBAL mksymlink cdroms/cdrom0 cdrom
REGISTER        ^cdroms/cdrom0$   CFUNCTION GLOBAL mksymlink $devname cdrom
UNREGISTER      ^cdroms/cdrom0$   CFUNCTION GLOBAL unlink cdrom

# Create /dev/dvd for the second cdrom drive
# (change 'cdroms/cdrom1' to suite your setup)
# NOTE: We add the fully qualified path here, else some apps
#       have problems to resolve the true device (drip comes to mind)
#LOOKUP          ^dvd$           CFUNCTION GLOBAL mksymlink ${mntpnt}/cdroms/cdrom1 dvd
#REGISTER        ^cdroms/cdrom1$  CFUNCTION GLOBAL mksymlink ${devpath} dvd
#UNREGISTER      ^cdroms/cdrom1$  CFUNCTION GLOBAL unlink dvd

# Create /dev/cdrw for the first cdrom on the scsi bus
# (change 'sr0' to suite your setup)
LOOKUP          ^cdrw$          CFUNCTION GLOBAL mksymlink sr0 cdrw
REGISTER        ^sr0$           CFUNCTION GLOBAL mksymlink $devname cdrw
UNREGISTER      ^sr0$           CFUNCTION GLOBAL unlink cdrw

# Create /dev/mouse
LOOKUP          ^mouse$          CFUNCTION GLOBAL mksymlink misc/psaux mouse
REGISTER        ^misc/psaux$     CFUNCTION GLOBAL mksymlink $devname mouse
UNREGISTER      ^misc/psaux$     CFUNCTION GLOBAL unlink mouse

# Manage USB mouse
REGISTER        ^input/mouse0$   CFUNCTION GLOBAL mksymlink $devname usbmouse
UNREGISTER      ^input/mouse0$   CFUNCTION GLOBAL unlink usbmouse
REGISTER        ^input/mice$     CFUNCTION GLOBAL mksymlink $devname usbmouse
UNREGISTER      ^input/mice$     CFUNCTION GLOBAL unlink usbmouse

# Support additional config installed by packages ...
INCLUDE /etc/devfs.d

Thanks for any advice.

[Massimo B.]

As of today, what is required in the kernel?

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# cdrecord -scanbus
Cdrecord-ProDVD-ProBD-Clone 3.02a09 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) Copyright (C) 1995-2016 Joerg Schilling
cdrecord: No such file or directory. Cannot open '/dev/pg*'. Cannot open or use SCSI driver.

I have:

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# zgrep SCSI /proc/config.gz |grep -v "^#"
CONFIG_BLK_SCSI_REQUEST=y
CONFIG_SCSI_MOD=y
CONFIG_SCSI=y
CONFIG_SCSI_DMA=y
CONFIG_SCSI_MQ_DEFAULT=y
CONFIG_SCSI_PROC_FS=y
CONFIG_SCSI_CONSTANTS=y
CONFIG_SCSI_SPI_ATTRS=y
CONFIG_SCSI_LOWLEVEL=y

[NeddySeagoon]

Massimo B.

You need CONFIG_CHR_DEV_SG=y

Optical writers appear as two devices.
A character device for control and a block device for data. You need to be in the cdrom group to write optical media.

[Massimo B.]

Thank you very much. The question was about xcdroast, in the meanwhile I found that k3b is working fine. Just for understanding, how can k3b work with the writer without the kernel support?

[Massimo B.]

You need CONFIG_CHR_DEV_SG=y

That one was built as module, but not loaded. As it does not seem to be auto-loaded, I'm going to add it to /etc/conf.d/modules.