Grub Error Collection [Part 8] [POST GRUB QUESTIONS HERE!]

[hakeem]

Hi!
I'm trying my first gentoo-installation, and of course, even my first Grub configuration.Now,that's my HD:

/dev/sda1 = win xp
/dev/sda2 = IBM rescue partition ( -_- )
/dev/sda3 = /root partition
/dev/sda5 = /boot partition
/dev/sda6 = /swap partition

I followed the quick-installation guide for x86 processors and I've reached the grub installing step: can someone help me? In where partition do I need to install Grub? Which partition contains the /boot directory? usin'

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grub> find /boot/grub/stage1

gives me

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 Error 15: File not found

on each partition.
Thanks all!

bye

[NeddySeagoon]

hakeem,

You have too choices.

1. You can install grub to the MBR and use it to boot both Windows and Gentoo.
2. You can install grub to your /boot partition (hd0,4) if you have only a single hard drive, then move the grub boot record to XP.
This method uses NTLDR to start grun to start gentoo

Both work.

[hakeem]

Thanks for the quick answer!
Now the next question is...how do I install grub on master boot record? Can you kindly give me some advices? really, thanks!
Hakeem

[NeddySeagoon]

hakeem,

Read the full install guide. The quick install guide is intended for experianced users.
You will want this section

[hakeem]

well, installed and configured grub,it gives me this error,after loading all kernel modules:

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VFS: Cannot open a root device "sda3" or unknown-block(0,0)
Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions:
0300      4194302 hda driver: ide-cdrom
Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)

That's my hd's partitioning, as I wrote yesterday:

/dev/sda1 = win xp
/dev/sda2 = IBM rescue partition ( -_- )
/dev/sda3 = /root partition
/dev/sda5 = /boot partition
/dev/sda6 = /swap partition

Oh,yes, XP works.

Thanks all !

[AliasXZ]

Hey

I recently changed my gfx card and since then, grub hangs...

Before it loads the splashimage for 5 secs or so, then it hangs at 'Uncompressing Linux...' then my kernel boots

I havent changed anything other than my graphics card and also changed from AGP4x to 8x, this wouldnt cause grub to hang would it?

Would it be worth re-istalling grub?

cheers for any replies

EDIT:

My second hard drive also failed yesterday, but grub did not hang after I removed it, only after I messed around with graphics hardware

[NeddySeagoon]

hakeem,

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unknown-block(0,0)

tells that you have omitted the high level or low level disk driver code from your kernel and the kernel cannot communicate with your drive at all.

Post the output of lspci so we can see what sort of SATA you have.

[nixnut]

merged above post here.

[hakeem]

hakeem,

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unknown-block(0,0)

tells that you have omitted the high level or low level disk driver code from your kernel and the kernel cannot communicate with your drive at all.

Post the output of lspci so we can see what sort of SATA you have.

here's what lspci prints:

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00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile 945GM/PM/GMS, 943/940GML and 945GT Express Memory Controller Hub (rev 03)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Mobile 945GM/PM/GMS, 943/940GML and 945GT Express Integrate Graphics Controller (rev 03)
00:02.1 Display Controller: Intel Corporation Mobile 945GM/PM/GMS, 943/940GML and 945GT Express Integrate Graphics Controller (rev 03)
00:1b.0 Audio Device: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High Definition Audio Controller (rev 02)
00:1c.0 PCI Bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 1 (rev 02)
00:1c.1 PCI Bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 2 (rev 02)
00:1c.2 PCI Bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 3 (rev 02)
00:1c.3 PCI Bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 4 (rev 02)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 02)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 02)
00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 02)
00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 02)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 02)
00:1e.0 PCI Bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge (rev e2)
00:1f.0 ISA Bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GBM (ICH7-M) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 02)
00:1f.1 IDE Interface: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) IDE Controller (rev 02)
00:1f.2 SATA Controller: Intel Corporation 82801GBM/GHM (ICH7 Family SATA AHCI Controller (rev 02)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 02)
02:00.0 Ethernet Controller: Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5751M Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express (rev 21)
03:00.0 NEtwork Controller: Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless 3945ABG Network Connection (rev 02)
15:00.0 CardBus bridge: Texas Instruments PCIxx12 Cardbus Controller
15:00.1 FireWire (IEEE 1394): Texas Instruments PCIxx12 OHCI Compliant IEEE 1394 Host Controller

[NeddySeagoon]

hakeem,

NeddySeagoons' Rough Guide to Intel ICH7 Chip Set
Edit - Now tested with ICH3, ICH4, ICH5, ICH5R, ICH6, ICH7,ICH8, ICH9 and ICH10R too

Regardless of the electrical connection of the drives to the motherboard, you will use the SCSI high level layer.
All your drives will appear as SCSI devices. This means you will have to change grub.conf and /etc/fstab if you have PATA drives.

You have an Intel ICH7 Family chip set. genkernel will not set this one up correctly, so you have to help it if you want to use genkernel.
In make menuconfig choose the following options:-

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Device Drivers  --->
    < > ATA/ATAPI/MFM/RLL support  --->

turn off the ATA/ATAPI/MFM/RLL support menu item entirely.
You may think this will prevent your CDROM working - it won't. I'll explain later.
Choose

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<*> Serial ATA (prod) and Parallel ATA (experimental) drivers  --->
   <*>   Intel ESB, ICH, PIIX3, PIIX4 PATA/SATA support

notice how it says PATA/SATA in the name. This driver is a combined driver for both SATA and IDE modes - its peculiar to Intel. All other options on this menu must be off, including the two Intel PATA options close to the bottom. If you get that wrong your hard drive will appear as an IDE drive and be very slow as you will not get DMA modes.
Thats the low level drivers set.
Now the high level driver
go back up to

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SCSI device support  --->

Inside that menu choose

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  │ │                 < > RAID Transport Class         
  │ │                 -*- SCSI device support   
  │ │                 < > SCSI target support    
  │ │                 [*] legacy /proc/scsi/ support      
  │ │                     *** SCSI support type (disk, tape, CD-ROM) ***  
  │ │                 <*> SCSI disk support           
  │ │                 < > SCSI tape support   
  │ │                 < > SCSI OnStream SC-x0 tape support 
  │ │                 <*> SCSI CDROM support  

SCSI CDROM support may be either <M> or <*> but your CDROM is going to be treated as a SCSI device now. It will have two entries in /dev, /dev/sr0 which is the block device you use in the normal way and /dev/sg0 which is its controlling charater device. Normally, you don't need to know that as udev takes care of creating the symlinks properly. However, if your CDROm is listed in /etc/fstab as /dev/hd... that will need to change.

Edit - with thanks to ilm
Note - ICH8 and ICH9 chipsets have been seen with AHCI SATA hardware, in which case you will need

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   <*>   AHCI SATA support
   <*>   Intel ESB, ICH, PIIX3, PIIX4 PATA/SATA support

If you are sure you only have AHCI hardware, Intel ESB, ICH, PIIX3, PIIX4 PATA/SATA support is not required.

Edit - with apologies to Mort_pp
Note, Some ICH9 chipsets have a supporting Jmicron PATA/SATA chip. If this is listed in your lspci, you will need

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   <*>   JMicron PATA support 

too.

Edit - with thanks to E001754 for reporting the ICH10R working

Edit - tested with ICH3 in IRC.

Edit - thanks to Krinn for reporting the ICH5R working

[kr0n1x]

i've an ASUS P5B motherboard with 1 sata hard disk.

same error, unknown-block(0,0).

can you explain to me which driver i need to select in kernel??

ps: sorry for my bad english

thx bye

edit: have i the same chipset on my motherboard? then i can read your post and do the same actions with my kernel...

edit2: no, my motherboard doesn't have same chipset. asus p5b has ICH8. what to do?
source of my info: http://www.dinoxpc.com/Tests/MOTHERBOAR ... B/pag2.asp

edit3: here is my lspci in ubuntu gutsy 64bit:

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pasquale@pasquale-desktop:~$ lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82P965/G965 Memory Controller Hub (rev 02)
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82P965/G965 PCI Express Root Port (rev 02)
00:1a.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Contoller #4 (rev 02)
00:1a.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #5 (rev 02)
00:1a.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #2 (rev 02)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) HD Audio Controller (rev 02)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 1 (rev 02)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 4 (rev 02)
00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 5 (rev 02)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 02)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 02)
00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 02)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #1 (rev 02)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev f2)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801HB/HR (ICH8/R) LPC Interface Controller (rev 02)
00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) 4 port SATA IDE Controller (rev 02)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 02)
00:1f.5 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) 2 port SATA IDE Controller (rev 02)
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation G70 [GeForce 7600 GS] (rev a1)
02:00.0 SATA controller: JMicron Technologies, Inc. JMicron 20360/20363 AHCI Controller (rev 02)
02:00.1 IDE interface: JMicron Technologies, Inc. JMicron 20360/20363 AHCI Controller (rev 02)
03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 01)
05:02.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ (rev 10)
pasquale@pasquale-desktop:~$

[kr0n1x]

your solution worked for me too with ICH8 chipset (asus p5b)

thanks for support, bye

[Tin]

Hello,

For your information, here is an error I run into and found the solution.
Because I did not find anything about it in this forum, here is the description and solution :

After a bad crash (x frozen, hard shut down needed), when I restarted my gentoo, I got a grub error 16 :

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error 16: inconsistent filesystem structure

This is the reason why :
I put in my grub the line "savedefault" :

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title=Gentoo
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/kernel-current root=/dev/sda1 rootdelay=5
savedefault

And my root partition is formatted with reiserfs.
In case of crash, the filesystem is not consistent and the transaction journal must be replayed.
Because of grub tries to write on the disk while the journal is not yet played, it causes this error.

Solution :

Boot on another kernel without the "savedefault" line
or
When you are in grub, edit the selected line and remove the "savedefault" line
or
Boot with a livecd, mount your /boot partition and edit /boot/grub/grub.conf to remove the "savedefault" line

[ihtruelsen]

I have an old server (celeron 300 or something similar) and it has suddenly developed a problem. It was running fine and then I was going to update my firewall and needed another module for iptables. So, I built the new kernel, booted up and my networking was gone. I've been here before, so I went to boot up my backup kernel, which was the one that was running fine before the reboot and I got grub error 16: inconsistent file. I booted to single user mode and fsck'd my partitions which came up clean. I am running a raid 10 setup with a simple structure of:

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/dev/md1         /boot
/dev/md2         swap
/dev/md3         /

My grub.conf is:

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title linux
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/bzImage root=/dev/md3

title safe
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/safety root=/dev/md3

The linux/new kernel boots just fine, though the networking still will not work, but the safe kernel gets the error 16 immediately upon boot.

Any thoughts on what, why and how?

[m27315]

Hi,

I recently installed gentoo on a new Athlon64X2 box, and I copied most of the contents of the /boot dir from another similar, working install. After installing GRUB into the boot partition, I am able to boot fine using the kernel from the other box; however, I tried to create a new kernel and update /boot/grub/grub.conf, but my changes to grub.conf are not changing the menu.

I am able to enter the grub command line and boot the new kernels, like so:

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# root (hd0,0)
# kernel /boot/kernel-2.6.23-gentoo-r3_d root=/dev/sda4
# boot

So, I know I am mounting my boot partition correctly and putting the files in the right place. ... It's like GRUB has an old grub.conf stored in MBR or something, where I can't see it. I know that's crazy, but I dunno.

I have tried re-emerging grub and reinstalling it into the /boot partition, but that did not help.

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# emerge grub
# grub --no-floppy
grub> root (hd0,0)
grub> setup (hd0)
grub> quit

Any suggestions? Thanks!

partitions:

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$ fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 320.0 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              14         998     7912012+  83  Linux
/dev/sda3             999        1983     7912012+  83  Linux
/dev/sda4            1984       38913   296640225   83  Linux

mount table:

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$ cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# noatime turns off atimes for increased performance (atimes normally aren't
# needed; notail increases performance of ReiserFS (at the expense of storage
# efficiency).  It's safe to drop the noatime options if you want and to
# switch between notail / tail freely.
#
# The root filesystem should have a pass number of either 0 or 1.
# All other filesystems should have a pass number of 0 or greater than 1.
#
# See the manpage fstab(5) for more information.
#

# <fs>                  <mountpoint>    <type>          <opts>          <dump/pass>

# NOTE: If your BOOT partition is ReiserFS, add the notail option to opts.
/dev/sda1               /boot           ext2            noauto,noatime  1 2
/dev/sda2               none            swap            sw              0 0
/dev/sda3               /tmp            ext3            noatime         0 1
/dev/sda4               /               ext3            noatime         0 1
/dev/cdrom              /mnt/cdrom      audo            noauto,ro       0 0
#/dev/fd0               /mnt/floppy     auto            noauto          0 0

# glibc 2.2 and above expects tmpfs to be mounted at /dev/shm for
# POSIX shared memory (shm_open, shm_unlink).
# (tmpfs is a dynamically expandable/shrinkable ramdisk, and will
#  use almost no memory if not populated with files)
shm                     /dev/shm        tmpfs           nodev,nosuid,noexec     0 0

/boot/grub/grub.conf:

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# Which listing to boot as default. 0 is the first, 1 the second etc.
default 0
# How many seconds to wait before the default listing is booted.
timeout 5
# Nice, fat splash-image to spice things up :)
# Comment out if you don't have a graphics card installed
splashimage=(hd0,0)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz

title=Gentoo Linux 2.6.23-gentoo-r3_d
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/kernel-2.6.23-gentoo-r3_d root=/dev/sda4

title=Gentoo Linux 2.6.23-gentoo-r3_c_no_modules
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/kernel-2.6.23-gentoo-r3_c_nomodules root=/dev/sda4

title=Gentoo Linux 2.6.23-gentoo-r3_b sda4
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/kernel-2.6.23-gentoo-r3_b root=/dev/sda4

title=Gentoo Linux 2.6.23-gentoo-r5 (rescue)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/kernel-2.6.23-gentoo-r3 root=/dev/sda4 init=/bin/bb

# The next four lines are only if you dualboot with a Windows system.
# In this case, Windows is hosted on /dev/hda6.
# title=Windows XP
# rootnoverify (hd0,5)
# makeactive
# chainloader +1

[NeddySeagoon]

m27315,

grub.conf is normally the target of the menu.lst symlink. Howerver, everything works if menu.lst is a real file, except you won't then have a link to grub.conf, which will be ignored if it exists.

Is /boot/grub/menu.lst a link or a normal file, does it point to grub.conf or some other file ?

[m27315]

Is /boot/grub/menu.lst a link or a normal file, does it point to grub.conf or some other file ?

That's the problem! I had copied the files over via a Windows partition, so the symlink got translated into a real file. After the copy, I had only been editing grub.conf. I did not realize that menu.lst was the file that was actually referenced by the grub bootloader, and that menu.lst was a symlink to grub.conf. ... Fixed by doing:

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# mount /boot
# cd /boot/grub
# rm menu.lst
# ln -s grub.conf menu.lst

Thanks for the spot-on tip, NeddySeagoon!

[meulie]

Here's mine:

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./grub --no-floppy
Probing devices to guess BIOS drives. This may take a long time.
Illegal instruction

I get this with grub-static. I only copied the /sbin/grub from the package. Does it need more files to function?

[NeddySeagoon]

meulie,

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Illegal instruction

suggests that grub has been compiled for some other CPU, or that you have a setting in your CFLAGS that allows gcc to use instructions not supported by your CPU.

We need to know your CPU and your CFLAGS from /etc/make.conf

[Telexen]

Hi,

I'm setting up a system with 7 HDs in it as an HTPC/file server and I'm getting an Error 22 from Grub. Most of the help I can find on this subject is problems caused by people dual booting Windows and mistakenly erasing the grub partition with the Windows install, but that's not my situation...mine is a bit more complicated.

My HDD setup is as follows (devices as recognized by the Gentoo livecd kernel):
(onboard) Silicon Image 3114 SATA Controller:
1 - 36gb Raptor (/dev/sda) [sda1 is /boot, sda4 is /]
2 - 320gb (/dev/sdb)
3 - 160gb (/dev/sdc)

NVRAID Controller:
IDE 1 - 200gb (/dev/hda)
IDE 2 - DVDRW (/dev/hdb)
IDE 3 - 250gb (/dev/hdc)
SATA 1 - 400gb (/dev/sdd)
SATA 2 - 200gb (/dev/sde)

It's always been my experience with this system that the secondary onboard SiliconImage SATA controller takes priority over the nVidia SATA and will boot from a drive connected to it (I've used that 36gb Raptor several times exactly where it is).

When installing Grub, all goes correctly. The livecd wants to recognize its /boot as (hd2,0)...I'm assuming because of the two IDE drives. But root (hd2,0) and setup (hd2) works fine and shows no errors.

Does anyone know what's going on here? I'm not sure how the system can know to boot that HDD so Grub begins to load, but then Grub won't recognize it's own files on the drive. /boot is formated as ext2 BTW. I would prefer not to put /boot on another drive if I don't have to.

Thanks for any help

[Crimjob]

GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB...

I've tried installing Gentoo 3 times now, all with different bios settings, and every time I get this problem. Upon booting, my screen is spammed with GRUB forever. I've let it run for 45 mins and still nothing.

The error is described here: http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/grub-error ... #doc_chap7

However the solution posted here does not work.

Solution

According to airhead this can be caused by having your bios detect your disks automatically. Try to set your bios entry to User Type HDD.

Another possibility is that you had Grub installed on your MBR and tried reinstalling it (for instance due to hard disk changes) but used the wrong setup and root commands.

I tried setting the BIOS to User Type HDD (for both drives) and no dice. I also tried setting them in the BIOS and then re-installing Gentoo and Grub etc. from scratch (just for the sake of having a new clean installation with proper BIOS settings).

I also tried re-installing Grub manually (not using grub-install, but grub), and I still get this problem.

This is my grub.conf:

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default 0
timeout 30
splashimage=(hd0,0)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz

title=Gentoo Linux 2.6.22-hardened-r8
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/kernel-2.6.22-hardened-r8 root=/dev/hda2

title=Gentoo Linux 2.6.22-hardened-r8 (rescue)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/kernel-2.6.22-hardened-r8 root=/dev/hda2 init=/bin/bb

And my hardware and config stuff

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/dev/hda1 boot ext2
/dev/hda2 root reiserfs
/dev/hdb1 swap swap
/dev/hdb2 backup reiserfs

Asus CUV4X-D
Dual PIII 1GHz
1GB SD PC133
WD 20GB on HDA
IBM Fujitsu 30GB on HDB
Intel PRO10/100 NIC
VIA 10/100 NIC

I've been staring at GRUB GRUB GRUB... repeating it self for almost 2 weeks now, and I've tried everything I have possibly found on the topic and there's just nothing left. If anyone has any ideas, I'd be more than happy to try them.

Thanks in advance.

[MrUmunhum]

Hi group,

I have written an short "How to" about booting USB devices using Grub that may help you with some of these problem?

You can find it at: http://64.124.13.3/USB_Boot_using_GRUB.html

Comments are welcome.

Thanks for your time.

William Estrada

[MrUmunhum]

GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB GRUB...


I've been staring at GRUB GRUB GRUB... repeating it self for almost 2 weeks now, and I've tried everything I have possibly found on the topic and there's just nothing left. If anyone has any ideas, I'd be more than happy to try them.

Thanks in advance.

Crimjob,

I suspect that your Grub in not completely loaded?

Try loading Grub from a floppy or CD. Get into command mode with <ECS>, 'c', enter 'root (', hit tab.
This should show you the devices that Grub had found.

If you need a Grub CD, to go:
http://users.bigpond.net.au/hermanzone/ ... kPage.html

William

[Crimjob]

Not sure what it was, but replaced the 2 hdd's with 1 larger one and it appears to work fine now!

[meulie]

meulie,

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Illegal instruction

suggests that grub has been compiled for some other CPU, or that you have a setting in your CFLAGS that allows gcc to use instructions not supported by your CPU.

We need to know your CPU and your CFLAGS from /etc/make.conf

grub-static contains binaries. No compilation taking place... Or am I mistaken?

In any case: all my systems are some version of 32-bit x86.