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travisx
n00b
Joined: 19 Sep 2005
Posts: 1
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 Posted: Tue Sep 20, 2005 8:53 pm Post subject: Unpacking Genkernel or gentoo.igz initramfs | Strange result |
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I am trying to unpack the 2005.1 initramfs (gentoo.igz) so that I can tweak it for use on a LiveUSB, but I am not having much success.
Strangely, when I attempt to use cpio to unpack the gentoo.igz initramfs file (or any file made by Genkernel, actually), I get a directory structure with a handful of files (like fstab), but it is missing obviously necessary files such as linuxrc and init. The total quantity of files unpacked is less than 4k, while the gzipped gentoo.igz file is 17M.
I've really been banging my head against the wall on this. I assume that I must be doing something wrong, because the initramfs works correctly in operation.
Scouring the internet and the Gentoo forums has proved only that others have the same unanswered question.
Because everything is more clear in code:
| Code: | # gunzip -c gentoo.igz | cpio -H newc -t
.
etc
etc/fstab
bin
sys
var
var/lock
var/lock/dmraid
usr
usr/bin
usr/sbin
dev
dev/null
dev/tty1
dev/console
temp
proc
sbin
5 blocks
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I've tried this on two very different and up to date Gentoo systems, but I get the same result.
This is going to seriously frustrate me until someone lets me in on the (probably trivial) thing that I'm doing wrong.
Thanks,
-- Travis |
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irondog
l33t
Joined: 07 Jul 2003
Posts: 715
Location: Voor mijn TV. Achter mijn pc.
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| Posted: Sat Sep 24, 2005 1:27 am Post subject: |
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Genkernels initramfs is a file consisting of several gzipped cpio archives concatenated to each other. It's not so easy to extract it.
It tried to do it in C. This is the result. It's quite unpolished, but just works for me.
| Code: | #include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
static unsigned char magick[]="070701000000000000000000000000000000000000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000b00000000TRAILER!!!";
static int src, dest;
int c[100];
int rec_read(int matches, int x) {
int n_read;
n_read = read(src, &c[x], 1);
if(n_read != 1)
return -1;
if(c[x] == magick[matches]) {
if ( matches != strlen(magick) - 1) {
rec_read(matches + 1, x + 1);
} else {
printf("MAGIC FOUND\n");
do {
n_read = read(src, &c, 1);
} while( n_read == 1 && c[0] != '0');
lseek(src, -1, SEEK_CUR);
rec_read(0, 0);
}
} else {
write(dest, &c[x - matches] , 1);
lseek(src, 0 - matches, SEEK_CUR);
return 0;
}
}
int main () {
int c, n_read;
src = open("in", O_RDONLY);
dest = open("out", O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0666);
while (rec_read(0, 0) != -1);
lseek(dest, -1, SEEK_CUR);
write(dest, &magick, strlen(magick));
// write(dest, "\0\0\0\0\0", 5);
close(src);
close(dest);
}
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Use it like this:
| Code: |
$ zcat /boot/initramfs.gz > ./in
$ ./split-iniramfs
$ cpio -i -H newc < out |
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capira
Tux's lil' helper
Joined: 02 May 2005
Posts: 147
Location: Spain
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| Posted: Tue Oct 04, 2005 3:48 pm Post subject: |
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Thanks for the answer irondog!
I just wonder if anybody knows how to pack initramfs again ...I have to add a delay in linuxrc in order to give time to the udev module to create the /dev/sda* entry.
Is the linuxrc script placed in anywhere in the kernel dir or genkernel dir so I had just to add that line once and let genkernel do the rest?
Thanks in advance.
PS. All this is because I want boot gentoo from a external USB hard disk |
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capira
Tux's lil' helper
Joined: 02 May 2005
Posts: 147
Location: Spain
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| Posted: Sat Oct 08, 2005 8:48 am Post subject: |
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| The way of repacking the files into a initramfs file is explained here. |
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jong357
n00b
Joined: 09 Mar 2004
Posts: 7
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| Posted: Mon Oct 17, 2005 12:56 am Post subject: |
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Sorry to be ignorant here but could someone clarify further on how to do this. I'm having the same issue. That looks like a C file to me that you would want to compile into a binary called split-initramfs.... I'm not having much luck with it.
| Code: |
$ gcc -o split-iniramfs split-iniramfs.c
split-iniramfs.c:7: error: missing terminating " character
split-iniramfs.c:8:1: invalid suffix "b00000000TRAILER" on integer constant
split-iniramfs.c:8: error: parse error before '!' token
split-iniramfs.c:8: error: missing terminating " character
split-iniramfs.c: In function `rec_read':
split-iniramfs.c:15: error: `src' undeclared (first use in this function)
split-iniramfs.c:15: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
split-iniramfs.c:15: error: for each function it appears in.)
split-iniramfs.c:35: error: `dest' undeclared (first use in this function)
split-iniramfs.c: In function `main':
split-iniramfs.c:42: error: `src' undeclared (first use in this function)
split-iniramfs.c:43: error: `dest' undeclared (first use in this function) |
Thanks for any and all help.... I've been "banging" my head on this one for a while as well and this post is the only thing I can find on the web concerning how to handle this type of initrd. |
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jong357
n00b
Joined: 09 Mar 2004
Posts: 7
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| Posted: Mon Oct 17, 2005 5:11 am Post subject: |
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I got it... When I copied the above C code from irondog's post, the very long line at the top somehow got a space inserted in there somewhere.
syntax highlighting gave it away after I stared at it long enough... This damn initramfs image really burned me out. Haven't tried messing with it yet but atleast the binary compiled....  |
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piavlo
Tux's lil' helper
Joined: 21 Jun 2005
Posts: 141
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| Posted: Fri Nov 11, 2005 1:39 pm Post subject: |
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i get an error cpio: premature end of file then extracting the cpio archive repacked by the split-initramfs code
both in x86 amd amd64 2005.1 livecd gentoo.igz files. |
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capira
Tux's lil' helper
Joined: 02 May 2005
Posts: 147
Location: Spain
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| Posted: Fri Nov 11, 2005 3:32 pm Post subject: |
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| Well, I have the same problem here but I everything seems to work fine. |
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wmd
n00b
Joined: 03 Mar 2006
Posts: 1
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| Posted: Fri Mar 03, 2006 6:15 pm Post subject: how I unpacked it in perl |
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For what ever reason your C didn't work for me. So I wrote this sloppy code.
mv gentoo.igz gentoo-image.gz
gunzip gentoo-image.gz
usage: ./unigz.pl gentoo-image
| Code: |
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
#
use strict;
use File::Slurp qw(slurp);
my $ifile = slurp($ARGV[0], binmode=> ':raw');
my $newfile;
my $i=1;
my @newfiles = split(/TRAILER!!!/,$ifile);
`mkdir $ARGV[0].dir`;
foreach $newfile (@newfiles)
{
open F, "> ./$ARGV[0].dir/$i";
print F $newfile;
print F "TRAILER!!!\0";
close F;
`cd $ARGV[0].dir; cpio -i -H newc < $i; rm $i; cd ..`;
$i++;
}
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I got a few errors, but no file was missing besides the devices. (such as dev/console) |
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beep
n00b
Joined: 20 Jan 2005
Posts: 33
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| Posted: Mon Mar 06, 2006 3:18 pm Post subject: |
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hi,
i tried with the new 2006.0 image and found out that the magick has been change to
| Code: |
07070100000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000B00000000TRAILER!!!
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cheers,
::beep |
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druggo
Apprentice
Joined: 24 Sep 2003
Posts: 289
Location: Hangzhou, China
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| Posted: Tue Aug 22, 2006 8:04 am Post subject: Re: how I unpacked it in perl |
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| wmd wrote: | For what ever reason your C didn't work for me. So I wrote this sloppy code.
mv gentoo.igz gentoo-image.gz
gunzip gentoo-image.gz
usage: ./unigz.pl gentoo-image
I got a few errors, but no file was missing besides the devices. (such as dev/console) |
great !
_________________
HighWayToHell(blog)
http://blog.druggo.org/ |
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Offpist2000
n00b
Joined: 15 Dec 2006
Posts: 5
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| Posted: Fri Dec 15, 2006 2:42 pm Post subject: split-initramfs |
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To many error when compiling the C-code. I used the following
with good result:
Start in an empty directory, replace the TRAILER after each cpio archive
with some nonsense, and unpack everuthing
zcat /tmp/usb-live/gentoo.igz | sed -e 's/TRAILER/notTRAILER/g' | cpio -idv
Just ignore the cpio errors.
Do the modifications and the put it pack together:
find * | cpio --quiet --dereference -o -H newc | gzip -9 > /tmp/usb-live/gentoo.igz
/Offpist2000 |
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tap3w0rm
n00b
Joined: 12 Apr 2007
Posts: 1
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| Posted: Thu Apr 12, 2007 9:47 pm Post subject: ok for those having problems |
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here is a fix to the problems everyone was having. This also included the magic that allows the use on 2006.0 and 2006.1 files
i added a few includes and put in the correct magic. This shoudl compile for everyone.
| Code: |
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
static unsigned char magick[]="07070100000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000B00000000TRAILER!!!";
static int src, dest;
int c[100];
int rec_read(int matches, int x) {
int n_read;
n_read = read(src, &c[x], 1);
if(n_read != 1)
return -1;
if(c[x] == magick[matches]) {
if ( matches != strlen(magick) - 1) {
rec_read(matches + 1, x + 1);
} else {
printf("MAGIC FOUND\n");
do {
n_read = read(src, &c, 1);
} while( n_read == 1 && c[0] != '0');
lseek(src, -1, SEEK_CUR);
rec_read(0, 0);
}
} else {
write(dest, &c[x - matches] , 1);
lseek(src, 0 - matches, SEEK_CUR);
return 0;
}
}
int main () {
int c, n_read;
src = open("in", O_RDONLY);
dest = open("out", O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0666);
while (rec_read(0, 0) != -1);
lseek(dest, -1, SEEK_CUR);
write(dest, &magick, strlen(magick));
// write(dest, "\0\0\0\0\0", 5);
close(src);
close(dest);
}
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cerise8192
n00b
Joined: 21 Aug 2003
Posts: 19
Location: Santa Cruz, CA, USA
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| Posted: Wed Apr 25, 2007 8:46 pm Post subject: |
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I actually couldn't get either version of the C or perl to work, so I hacked up the perl.
Gunzip the .igz and run it as the only argument to this script and voila!
| Code: |
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
#
use strict;
use File::Slurp qw(slurp);
my $ifile = slurp($ARGV[0], binmode=> ':raw');
my $newfile;
my $i=1;
my @newfiles = split(/TRAILER!!!/,$ifile);
`mkdir $ARGV[0].dir`;
foreach $newfile (@newfiles)
{
$newfile =~ s/^[\0]*//;
if($newfile){
open F, "> ./$ARGV[0].dir/$i";
$newfile = $newfile . "TRAILER!!!";
for(my $null=22*16+21;$null>0;$null--){
$newfile = $newfile . "\0";
}
print F $newfile;
close F;
print "$i\n";
`cd $ARGV[0].dir; cpio -i -H newc < $i; rm $i; cd ..`;
$i++;
}
}
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